MONGOID-5789 Allow nil attribute access (backport of #5836) (#5838)

* MONGOID-5789 database_field_name given nil or empty string should raise UnknownAttribute exception (#5836)

* database_field_name given nil or empty string should raise UnknownAttribute exception

* fix spec syntax

* database_field_name return empty string instead of exception

* `field` might be an empty string, not merely nil

* fix specs to expect empty string instead of nil

This is okay, because the database_field_name method is a private API.
We can change the contract here without regard for who else might
be using it.

---------

Co-authored-by: Jamis Buck <jamis.buck@mongodb.com>

* see if we can update the permissions for the Ruby directories

---------

Co-authored-by: Dan Healy <dan@beyondludus.com>

Author: jamis

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -197,6 +197,8 @@ jobs:
       with:
         ruby-version: "${{matrix.ruby}}"
         bundler: 2
+    - name: Change permissions
+      run: chmod -R o-w /opt/hostedtoolcache/Ruby
     - name: bundle
       run: bundle install --jobs 4 --retry 3
       env:

lib/mongoid/fields.rb

@@ -405,12 +405,12 @@ def traverse_association_tree(key, fields, associations, aliased_associations)
       #
       # @api private
       def database_field_name(name, relations, aliased_fields, aliased_associations)
+        return '' unless name.present?
+
         if Mongoid.broken_alias_handling
-          return nil unless name
           normalized = name.to_s
           aliased_fields[normalized] || normalized
         else
-          return nil unless name.present?
           key = name.to_s
           segment, remaining = key.split('.', 2)
 

lib/mongoid/touchable.rb

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ def touch(field = nil)
         current = Time.configured.now
         field = database_field_name(field)
         write_attribute(:updated_at, current) if respond_to?("updated_at=")
-        write_attribute(field, current) if field
+        write_attribute(field, current) if field.present?
 
         # If the document being touched is embedded, touch its parents
         # all the way through the composition hierarchy to the root object,

spec/mongoid/attributes_spec.rb

@@ -288,6 +288,22 @@
         end
       end
 
+      context "when given nil" do
+
+        it "returns nil" do
+         expect(person[nil]).to be nil
+        end
+
+      end
+
+      context "when given an empty string" do
+
+        it "returns nil" do
+         expect(person[""]).to be nil
+        end
+
+      end
+
       context "when the field was not explicitly defined" do
 
         context "when excluding with only and the field was not excluded" do

spec/mongoid/fields_spec.rb

@@ -1845,12 +1845,12 @@ class DiscriminatorChild2 < DiscriminatorParent
 
       context 'given nil' do
         subject { Person.database_field_name(nil) }
-        it { is_expected.to eq nil }
+        it { is_expected.to eq '' }
       end
 
       context 'given an empty String' do
         subject { Person.database_field_name('') }
-        it { is_expected.to eq nil }
+        it { is_expected.to eq '' }
       end
 
       context 'given a String' do
@@ -1869,7 +1869,7 @@ class DiscriminatorChild2 < DiscriminatorParent
 
       context 'given nil' do
         subject { Person.database_field_name(nil) }
-        it { is_expected.to eq nil }
+        it { is_expected.to eq '' }
       end
 
       context 'given an empty String' do