Reimplement event loop restarts in THP

[romanz]

Following #4976, we would like to refactor event loop restart logic:

• THP #4976 (comment)
• THP #4976 (comment)
• THP #4976 (comment)

Slack canvas: https://satoshilabs.slack.com/docs/T0J8V2YBY/F097K1YK2UQ

Rebased over #5548 & #5563 & #5577.

Note to reviewers: GitHub collapses some of the files' diffs (due to their size) - please make sure to expand them :)

• Retransmissions are disabled, and will be re-implemented in feat(core): reimplement THP retransmissions #5572.

[github-actions]

en main(all)

model	device_test	click_test	persistence_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

Translations

cs main(all)

model	device_test	click_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

de main(all)

model	device_test	click_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

es main(all)

model	device_test	click_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

fr main(all)

model	device_test	click_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

pt main(all)

model	device_test	click_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

Latest CI run: 17124191757

[romanz]

Rebasing over main (after #5563 has been merged) and #5577 (for graceful cancellation of DebugLink loop).

[romanz]

Tested a local emulator build (from f30b65d) with a recent Suite build:

$ TREZOR_MODEL=T3W1 BITCOIN_ONLY=0 PYOPT=0 QUIET_MODE=1 make -C core build_unix

[romanz]

Thanks! Squashing and rebasing over #5577 (will not merge before #5577 (comment) is resolved)