feat(core): reimplement THP retransmissions

[romanz]

Rebased over #5546.

[github-actions]

en main(all)

model	device_test	click_test	persistence_test
T2T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3B1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3T1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)
T3W1	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)	test(all) main(all)

Latest CI run: 17126022031

[romanz]

Rebasing over #5546.

[romanz]

Tested by running pytest tests/device_tests/bitcoin/test_signtx.py -k lots_of_outputs and manually SIGSTOP-ing it a few times:

19.603 trezor.wire.thp.channel INFO [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) write message: ButtonRequest
19.603 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] message contents:
ButtonRequest {
    name: 'confirm_output'
    code: 3
    pages: 1
}
19.603 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) encrypt
19.603 trezor.wire.thp.crypto DEBUG enc (key: 433aaade7a5828223634c22bf0a5b2e0bb814566042bf222e0e281693d355f54, nonce: 454)
19.603 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) New nonce_send: 455
19.603 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) write_encrypted_payload_loop
19.703 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 100 ms
19.903 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 200 ms
20.203 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 298 ms
20.598 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 394 ms
21.086 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 488 ms
21.666 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 581 ms
22.338 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 672 ms
23.099 trezor.wire.thp.channel WARNING Retransmit after 761 ms
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) get_channel_state: ENCRYPTED_TRANSPORT
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] Received ACK message with correct ack bit
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.session_context DEBUG [WebUSB] Read - with expected types (27,) and expected type ButtonAck
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) get_channel_state: ENCRYPTED_TRANSPORT
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] Writing ACK message to a channel with cid: 8201, ack_bit: 0
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) Buffer before decryption: 793b68
23.427 trezor.wire.thp.crypto DEBUG dec (key: 71437e998a91502bac71cee7a28211c0221486302e4e882f5caa687221e70543, nonce: 454)
23.428 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) Buffer after decryption: 01001b
23.428 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) Is decrypted tag valid? True
23.428 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) Received tag: 0e5f0b96aa88e27460add78762a15b28
23.428 trezor.wire.thp.channel DEBUG [WebUSB] (cid: 8201) New nonce_receive: 455
23.428 trezor.wire.message_handler DEBUG Buffer to be parsed to a LoadedMessage: 
23.428 trezor.wire.message_handler DEBUG received message contents:
ButtonAck {}